HIS 101 WHISONANT
The Ancient World
1.
Prehistoric 3,000,000 B.C. 3500 B.C.
A.
Paleolithic 3 Mill 10,000 B.C.
B.
Neolithic 10,000 3500 B.C.
2.
Historic 3500 present
Prehistoric
Paleolithic
Nomadic
Hunters and gatherers
1.
social
structure
extended
clan
tribe
2.
labor
3.
language
4.
tools
utilization
fashioning
standardization
hand axe
5.
Control of Fire
6.
Primitive Religion
Nature oriented
7.
Art
8.
Domestication
Neolithic Age
Stone Age
Agricultural Rev.
Farmers/food producers
a. Animals
b.
Crops
c.
Food storage
Fertile Cresent
Impact
a.
Manipulation of the environment
b.
Population
c.
New technology
Potters wheel,wheel,sail,plow,ox
yoke
d.
Land/concept of material wealth
e.
Warfare
1.
Complex Cities
Large populations, large buildings
Complex urban political and social
structure
2. Specialized Labor
3. Writing
4. Education
5. Trade
6. Organized Religion
7. Warfare
Impact of Rivers
1. Sumerian
2. Egyptian
Why? Learned to organize and cooperate
Dams, irrigation canals, draining of swamps
Near Eastern Civ.
Mesopotamia
Tigris + Euphrates
Babylonia
Sumer South
Akkad North
Sumerians
City Life
12 Major City States
Ur
Labor specialists
Religion
Ziggurat
Priest class
Beliefs
Society
Recreation
Decline of Summer
Reasons
1.
Conflict
2.
Wealth
3.
Class
Akkadians
Sargon the Great
Amorites
Hammurabi
Babylon
Code of Laws
Contributions
1. Religion
2. Government
Kingship
Laws
1. Trade
2. Education
Cuneiform
1.
Technology
Natural protection
Lower
Upper
Narmer
Memphis 2000-2200
B.C.
Pyramid Age
Pharaoh
Mummification
Pyramids
2200 2050 B.C.
civil war
Thebes
1800 1570 B.C.
Hyksos
1570 1090 B.C.
Empire Building
Thutmose I
Hatsheput
Ramases II
Thutmose III
King Tut
Alexander
Hittites 1450 1200 B.C.
Indo-European
Asia minor
Ramses II
Iron
Phoenicians 1100 570 B.C.
Canaanites
Sea Peoples
Shipbuilder
Carthage
Alphabet
Chaldeans 600 539 B.C.
Babylon
Nebuchandnezzar
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Biblical Tower of Babel
Mespotamia
Canaan
Abraham Biblical Stories
Joseph Jacob
Egypt
Hyksos
Enslaved
Moses
Sinai desert
Exodus
Covenant
Yahweh
Israel, Canaanites
Confederacy of 12 tribes
Philistines
Saul(1020-1000)
David(1000-961)
Warrior, poet, king
Solomon(961-922)
Temple Of Jerusalem
Kingdom split
Israel North
Judah South
Assyrians
Ten Lost Tribes/721BC
Chaldeans
Babylonian Exile 586 538 B.C.
Cryus the Great(Persian King)
Jews
Second Temple
66 A.D. Romans
contributions
1.
Old Testament
A.
Genesis
B.
Exodus
C.
Leviticus
D.
Numbers
E.
Deuteronomy
Torah
2.
Monotheism
3.
view of the individual
4.
social justice
5.
concept of history
Sir Arthur Evans 1898
Cretan city Knosso Palace of Minos
King Minos
Decline
Mycenaenans
Crete
First inhabitants of Greece to speak the Indo-European
language Greek
Golden Age after the collapse of Minoan power
Probably waged war against the city of Troy for economic
reasons
Heinich Schliemann in 1876
Society
Women
Art
Religion
Monarchy
Writing
Decline
Dorian Greeks
Peloponnesian peninsula
Ionians Attica
Dark Age
(1100 800 B.C.)
Transitional Period from Mycenaean Hellenic Greece
Colonization (750-550BC)
Homer
Impact on Hellenic Greece
Religion-a mixture of beliefs, in human form, hierarchy,
lived on Mt. Olympus
Politics-city-state
Values-excellence or virtue or honor
Polis city State
Acropolis
1.
monarchy
2.
oligarchy
3.
tyranny
4.
democracy
Council of Nobles(oligarcy) 700BC
Solon the Reformer(640-559)
Assemby
Council of Four Hundred(aristocrats)
Reforms
Pisistiatius(605-527)
Tyranny
Military hero
Champion of the poor
Banished many nobles
Public works program
508BC aided by Spartan army, oligarchy
Ostracism
Sparta (Dorian)
Messenians
Helots-agricultural laborers
Spartan League
Ionian Greeks(Persian since 547BC)
Revolted in 499
Athens
Darius I
b. of Marathon
decisive battle
Xerxes
Conquest of Greece
31 Greek city-states
Sparta Army
Athens navy
Unique loyalty Sparta
Thermopylae
Herodotus
Heroism
Burned Athens
Bay of Salamis
Plan rested on three assumptions
Plataea
Delian League
Athenian Imperialism
Golden Age
Age of Pericles
Ordinary citizens
Culture arts
Athenian Empire
Athens to Piraeus
Panthenon
Society Ό slaves
Women
Imperialism
Myth making reason
Speculative
Ionia
Physical explanations
Socrates
Rationally
Trial
Plato
Democracy?
Philosophers
Academy
Aristotle
Tutor of Alexander the Great
Lyceum
Ethics
Politics
Greek Drama
History
Herodotus
Thucydides
Sparta Vs. Athens
Corinth
430 plague Pericles
peace of Nicias
415 Sicily
Syracuse
Huge defeat
War dragged on until 404BC
Athens surrended
From 404 to 338
Philip II of Macedonia(382-336)
Thebes
Federal league
Next the Persian Empire
Assignation in 336
Alexander the Great
Aristotle
Homer
Conquest of Persia 334BC
Darius III
B, of Issus
Egypt pharaoh
Alexandria
Commerce + culture
Bactria Afghanistan
India
Troops rebelled, homesick
Babylon(324BC) after drinking too much developed a chill and
died of fever in 323BC
Impact
East + West
Marriage of soldiers
Founding of new cities
By 275 three Macedonian/Greek dynasties
Ptolemies Egypt
Seleucids Asia
Antigonids Greece
Hellenistic Society
Spread of Greek Ideas
Concept of Kingdom
Law
New cities
Alexandria
Population of over 1 million
The city bustled with many different people
Hellenistic Age was facilitated by the great museums and
library in Alexandria